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2025年07月21日

APIJSON快速入门-零后端代码，接口所见即所得

1.流程说明

一个接口的开发，比如Java用SpringBoot，Mybatis来开发一般来说就像下面这个流程

部署上这个项目后，流程变成了这样

如果使用 apijson-framework，还可进一步简化流程

2.本地开发

2.1 本地安装

APIJSON为后端提供如下版本，本文选择APIJSONBoot进行本地调试；

2.1.1 JDBC Demo

APIJSONDemo 为 APIJSON + SpringBoot 的最简单的初级使用 Demo；
APIJSONBoot 为 APIJSON + SpringBoot 的接近生产环境成品的 Demo；
APIJSONFinal 为 APIJSON + JFinal 的接近生产环境成品的 Demo。

2.1.2 连接池 Demo

APIJSONDemo-Druid 为 APIJSON + SpringBoot + Druid 的简单初级使用 Demo；
APIJSONDemo-HikariCP 为 APIJSON + SpringBoot + HikariCP 的简单初级使用 Demo；

APIJSONBoot-MultiDataSource 为 APIJSON + SpringBoot + Druid + HikariCP 的接近生产环境成品的多数据源 Demo。

2.2 项目地址

Github：GitHub - APIJSON/APIJSON-Demo: 腾讯 APIJSON 各种语言、各种框架 的 使用示例项目、上手文档、测试数据 SQL 文件 等。Demo projects with document and SQL files for Tencent APIJSON with different programming languages and different frameworks.

代码获取：

git@github.com:APIJSON/APIJSON-Demo.git
或者
https://github.com/APIJSON/APIJSON-Demo.git

2.3 本地导入

2.3.1 代码获取

2.3.2 工程添加

2.3.2.1 后端工程目录

2.3.2.2 点击工程设置

2.3.2.3 添加模块（Modules）

2.3.2.4 选择需要添加的模块

这里选择APIJSONBoot项目作为演示

2.3.2.5 选择以Maven模式引入

2.3.2.6 添加JDK

这里选择1.8

至此项目引入完成

2.2 库表创建

2.2.1 数据库脚本

数据库脚本按文件夹分，MySQL相关脚本在MySQL目录下，其中包含测试表

2.2.2 核心库创建

2.2.2.1 Access

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  `debug` tinyint(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '是否为调试表，只允许在开发环境使用，测试和线上环境禁用',
  `name` varchar(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '实际表名，例如 apijson_user',
  `alias` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '外部调用的表别名，例如 User',
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  `head` varchar(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '["UNKNOWN", "LOGIN", "CONTACT", "CIRCLE", "OWNER", "ADMIN"]' COMMENT '允许 head 的角色列表，例如 ["LOGIN", "CONTACT", "CIRCLE", "OWNER"]',
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2.2.2.2 Function

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  `arguments` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '参数列表，每个参数的类型都是 String。\n用 , 分割的字符串 比 [JSONArray] 更好，例如 array,item ，更直观，还方便拼接函数。',
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2.2.2.3 Request

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  `method` varchar(10) DEFAULT 'GETS' COMMENT '只限于GET,HEAD外的操作方法。',
  `tag` varchar(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '标签',
  `structure` json NOT NULL COMMENT '结构。\nTODO 里面的 PUT 改为 UPDATE，避免和请求 PUT 搞混。',
  `detail` varchar(10000) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '详细说明',
  `date` timestamp NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建日期',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='请求参数校验配置(必须)。\n最好编辑完后删除主键，这样就是只读状态，不能随意更改。需要更改就重新加上主键。\n\n每次启动服务器时加载整个表到内存。\n这个表不可省略，model内注解的权限只是客户端能用的，其它可以保证即便服务端代码错误时也不会误删数据。';
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11:19:51'),(5,1,'DELETE','Moment','{\"Moment\": {\"MUST\": \"id\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"UPDATE\": {\"commentCount()\": \"deleteCommentOfMoment(id)\"}}}',NULL,'2017-02-01 11:19:51'),(6,1,'DELETE','Comment','{\"MUST\": \"id\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"UPDATE\": {\"childCount()\": \"deleteChildComment(id)\"}}','disallow没必要用于DELETE','2017-02-01 11:19:51'),(8,1,'PUT','User-phone','{\"User\": {\"MUST\": \"id,phone,_password\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"!\", \"UPDATE\": {\"@combine\": \"_password\"}}}','! 表示其它所有，这里指necessary所有未包含的字段','2017-02-01 11:19:51'),(14,1,'POST','Verify','{\"MUST\": \"phone,verify\", \"REFUSE\": \"!\"}','必须传phone,verify，其它都不允许传','2017-02-18 14:20:43'),(15,1,'GETS','Verify','{\"MUST\": \"phone\"}','必须传phone','2017-02-18 14:20:43'),(16,1,'HEADS','Verify','{}','允许任意内容','2017-02-18 14:20:43'),(17,1,'PUT','Moment','{\"MUST\": \"id\", \"REFUSE\": \"userId,date\", \"UPDATE\": {\"verifyIdList-()\": \"verifyIdList(praiseUserIdList)\", \"verifyURLList-()\": \"verifyURLList(pictureList)\"}}',NULL,'2017-02-01 11:19:51'),(21,1,'HEADS','Login','{\"MUST\": \"userId,type\", \"REFUSE\": \"!\"}',NULL,'2017-02-18 14:20:43'),(22,1,'GETS','User','{}','允许传任何内容，除了表对象','2017-02-18 14:20:43'),(23,1,'PUT','Privacy','{\"MUST\": \"id\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}}','INSERT当没传@role时用OWNER补全','2017-02-01 11:19:51'),(25,1,'PUT','Praise','{\"MUST\": \"id\"}','必须传id','2017-02-01 11:19:51'),(26,1,'DELETE','Comment[]','{\"Comment\": {\"MUST\": \"id{}\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}}}','DISALLOW没必要用于DELETE','2017-02-01 11:19:51'),(27,1,'PUT','Comment[]','{\"Comment\": {\"MUST\": \"id{}\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}}}','DISALLOW没必要用于DELETE','2017-02-01 11:19:51'),(28,1,'PUT','Comment','{\"MUST\": \"id\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}}','这里省略了Comment，因为tag就是Comment，Parser.getCorrectRequest会自动补全','2017-02-01 11:19:51'),(29,1,'GETS','login','{\"Privacy\": {\"MUST\": \"phone,_password\", \"REFUSE\": \"id\"}}',NULL,'2017-10-15 10:04:52'),(30,1,'PUT','balance+','{\"Privacy\": {\"MUST\": \"id,balance+\", \"REFUSE\": \"!\", \"VERIFY\": {\"balance+&{}\": \">=1,<=100000\"}}}','验证balance+对应的值是否满足>=1且<=100000','2017-10-21 08:48:34'),(31,1,'PUT','balance-','{\"Privacy\": {\"MUST\": \"id,balance-,_password\", \"REFUSE\": \"!\", \"UPDATE\": {\"@combine\": \"_password\"}, \"VERIFY\": {\"balance-&{}\": \">=1,<=10000\"}}}','UPDATE强制把_password作为WHERE条件','2017-10-21 08:48:34'),(32,2,'GETS','Privacy','{\"MUST\": \"id\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"_password,_payPassword\"}',NULL,'2017-06-12 16:05:51'),(33,2,'GETS','Privacy-CIRCLE','{\"Privacy\": {\"MUST\": \"id\", \"REFUSE\": \"!\", \"UPDATE\": {\"@role\": \"CIRCLE\", \"@column\": \"phone\"}}}',NULL,'2017-06-12 16:05:51'),(35,2,'POST','Document','{\"Document\": {\"MUST\": \"name,url,request\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"id\"}, \"TestRecord\": {\"MUST\": \"response\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"id,documentId\", \"UPDATE\": {\"documentId@\": \"Document/id\"}}}',NULL,'2017-11-26 08:34:41'),(36,2,'PUT','Document','{\"MUST\": \"id\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"userId\"}',NULL,'2017-11-26 08:35:15'),(37,2,'DELETE','Document','{\"MUST\": \"id\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"!\", \"UPDATE\": {\"Random\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\", \"documentId@\": \"Method/id\"}, \"TestRecord\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\", \"documentId@\": \"Document/id\"}}}',NULL,'2017-11-26 00:36:20'),(38,2,'POST','TestRecord','{\"MUST\": \"documentId,response\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"id\"}',NULL,'2018-06-16 23:44:36'),(39,2,'POST','Method','{\"Method\": {\"MUST\": \"method,class,package\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"id\"}, \"TestRecord\": {\"MUST\": \"response\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"id,documentId\", \"UPDATE\": {\"documentId@\": \"Method/id\"}}}',NULL,'2017-11-26 00:34:41'),(40,2,'PUT','Method','{\"MUST\": \"id\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"userId\"}',NULL,'2017-11-26 00:35:15'),(41,2,'DELETE','Method','{\"MUST\": \"id\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"!\", \"UPDATE\": {\"Random\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\", \"documentId@\": \"Method/id\"}, \"TestRecord\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\", \"documentId@\": \"Method/id\"}}}',NULL,'2017-11-25 16:36:20'),(42,2,'POST','Random','{\"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"Random\": {\"MUST\": \"documentId,name,config\"}, \"TestRecord\": {\"UPDATE\": {\"randomId@\": \"/Random/id\", \"documentId@\": \"/Random/documentId\"}}}',NULL,'2017-11-26 00:34:41'),(43,2,'PUT','Random','{\"MUST\": \"id\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"userId\"}',NULL,'2017-11-26 00:35:15'),(44,2,'DELETE','Random','{\"MUST\": \"id\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"UPDATE\": {\"TestRecord\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\", \"randomId@\": \"/id\"}}}',NULL,'2017-11-25 16:36:20'),(45,2,'POST','Comment:[]','{\"TYPE\": {\"Comment[]\": \"OBJECT[]\"}, \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"Comment[]\": []}',NULL,'2020-03-01 05:40:04'),(46,2,'POST','Moment:[]','{\"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"Moment[]\": []}',NULL,'2020-03-01 05:41:42'),(47,2,'PUT','Comment:[]','{\"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"Comment[]\": []}',NULL,'2020-03-01 05:40:04'),(48,2,'DELETE','TestRecord','{\"MUST\": \"id\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}}',NULL,'2017-11-25 16:36:20'),(49,2,'POST','Input','{\"MUST\": \"deviceId,x,y\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"id\"}',NULL,'2017-11-26 00:34:41'),(50,2,'POST','Device','{\"MUST\": \"brand,model\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"id\"}',NULL,'2017-11-26 00:34:41'),(51,2,'POST','System','{\"MUST\": \"type,versionCode,versionName\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"id\"}',NULL,'2017-11-26 00:34:41'),(52,2,'POST','Flow','{\"MUST\": \"deviceId,systemId,name\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"id\"}',NULL,'2017-11-26 00:34:41'),(53,4,'GETS','Privacy','{\"MUST\": \"id\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"!\"}',NULL,'2017-06-12 16:05:51'),(54,2,'POST','Output','{\"MUST\": \"inputId\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}, \"REFUSE\": \"id\"}',NULL,'2018-06-16 23:44:36'),(55,2,'DELETE','Output','{\"MUST\": \"id\", \"INSERT\": {\"@role\": \"OWNER\"}}',NULL,'2017-11-25 16:36:20');
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2.2.2.4 Response

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  `id` bigint(15) NOT NULL COMMENT '唯一标识',
  `method` varchar(10) DEFAULT 'GET' COMMENT '方法',
  `model` varchar(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '表名，table是SQL关键词不能用',
  `structure` json NOT NULL COMMENT '结构',
  `detail` varchar(10000) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '详细说明',
  `date` timestamp NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建日期',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `id_UNIQUE` (`id`)
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本文使用开发库10.0.53.201进行试用

2.3 配置修改

2.3.1 修改数据库配置（DemoSQLConfig.java）

2.3.1.1 修改数据库连接

@JSONField(serialize = false)  // 不在日志打印 账号/密码 等敏感信息，用了 UnitAuto 则一定要加
	@Override
	public String getDBUri() {
		if (isMySQL()) {
			// 这个是 MySQL 8.0 及以上，要加 userSSL=false  return "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306?userSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8";
			// 以下是 MySQL 5.7 及以下
			return "jdbc:mysql://10.0.53.201:3306?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"; //TODO 改成你自己的，TiDB 可以当成 MySQL 使用，默认端口为 4000
		}
		if (isPostgreSQL()) {
			return "jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/postgres"; //TODO 改成你自己的
		}
		if (isSQLServer()) {
			return "jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://localhost:1433/pubs;instance=SQLEXPRESS"; //TODO 改成你自己的
		}
		if (isOracle()) {
			return "jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl"; //TODO 改成你自己的
		}
		if (isDb2()) {
			return "jdbc:db2://localhost:50000/BLUDB"; //TODO 改成你自己的
		}
		return null;
	}

2.3.1.2 修改用户名密码

2.3.1.3 修改数据库类型及数据库

		DEFAULT_DATABASE = DATABASE_MYSQL;  //TODO 默认数据库类型，改成你自己的。TiDB, MariaDB, OceanBase 这类兼容 MySQL 的可当做 MySQL 使用
		DEFAULT_SCHEMA = "ziguang-smart-city-vaccine";  //TODO 默认模式名，改成你自己的，默认情况是 MySQL: sys, PostgreSQL: public, SQL Server: dbo, Oracle:

2.3.1.4 隐藏真实表名

2.3.2 修改运行端口号

DemoApplication.java添加SpringBoot 2.x 自定义端口方法，这里使用8082端口

	// SpringBoot 2.x 自定义端口方式
	@Override
	public void customize(ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory server) {
		server.setPort(8082);
	}

2.4 本地运行

1.4.1 Access表添加表权限

接口访问需添加权限，并在alias字段添加大写字母开头的表别名，示例如下：

INSERT INTO `ziguang-smart-city-vaccine`.`access`(`id`, `debug`, `name`, `alias`, `get`, `head`, `gets`, `heads`, `post`, `put`, `delete`, `date`, `detail`) VALUES (31, 0, 't_inoculation_point', 'Inoculation_point', '[\"UNKNOWN\", \"LOGIN\", \"CONTACT\", \"CIRCLE\", \"OWNER\", \"ADMIN\"]', '[\"UNKNOWN\", \"LOGIN\", \"CONTACT\", \"CIRCLE\", \"OWNER\", \"ADMIN\"]', '[\"LOGIN\", \"CONTACT\", \"CIRCLE\", \"OWNER\", \"ADMIN\"]', '[\"LOGIN\", \"CONTACT\", \"CIRCLE\", \"OWNER\", \"ADMIN\"]', '[\"OWNER\", \"ADMIN\"]', '[\"LOGIN\", \"CONTACT\", \"CIRCLE\", \"OWNER\", \"ADMIN\"]', '[\"OWNER\", \"ADMIN\"]', '2021-08-19 15:18:18', NULL);

2.4.2 服务启动

右键DemoApplication.java > Run /Debug > Java Application

2.4.3 postman调用接口

其中Inoculation_point为Access表中数据库表别名

更多接口功能详见：APIJSON/Document.md at master · Tencent/APIJSON · GitHub

3.环境部署

3.1 jar包生成

3.2 启动脚本

#!/usr/bin/env bash
NAME='apijson-boot-4.7.2'
JVM_XMS='512m'
if [ "$2" != "" ]; then
JVM_XMS=$2
fi
echo $NAME
PID=`ps -ef | grep "$NAME" | grep java | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'`
echo "当前进程号为：$PID"
echo "---------------"
for pid in $PID
do
sleep 2
kill -9  $pid
echo "killed [$pid]"
done
nohup java -Xms$JVM_XMS -Xmx$JVM_XMS -jar $NAME.jar --SERVER_NAME=$NAME   >> log.log &
echo "---------------加载${PROFILE}环境配置文件"
echo "新的进程号为: $!"
tailf log.log

直接打包的jar报错：无法找到main方法：

pom文件添加如下配置：

3.3 文件存储

3.3 远程调试

3.3.1 开放服务对应端口防火墙

例如：8082

 firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8082/tcp --per  && firewall-cmd --reload

3.3.2 postman调用接口

例如根据条件获取t_inoculation_point表中部分字段并通过主键关联，获取t_nucleic_notice_info信息

3.3.2.1 请求URL

http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:8082/get

3.3.2.2 请求参数

{
    "[]": {
        "Inoculation_point": {
            "id{}": [
                1,
                2,
                3,
                4,
                5,
                6
            ],
            "del_flag": 0,
            "@column": "id,name,address,level,create_time",
            "@order": "id+"
        },
        "Tnucleic_notice_info": {
            "inoculation_point_id@": "/Inoculation_point/id",
            "@column": "id,username,title,content,create_time"
        },
        "page": 0,
        "count": 3
    }
}

3.3.2.3 响应结果

{
    "[]": [
        {
            "Inoculation_point": {
                "id": 1,
                "name": "xxx",
                "address": "xxx",
                "level": true,
                "create_time": "2021-08-16 17:05:21.0"
            },
            "Tnucleic_notice_info": {
                "id": 1,
                "username": "张三",
                "title": "0816公告",
                "content": "1",
                "create_time": "2021-08-16 22:24:10.0"
            }
        },
        {
            "Inoculation_point": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "xxx",
                "address": "xxx",
                "level": true,
                "create_time": "2021-08-16 17:06:10.0"
            },
            "Tnucleic_notice_info": {
                "id": 2,
                "username": "李四",
                "title": "0818公告",
                "content": "2",
                "create_time": "2021-08-16 22:24:17.0"
            }
        },
        {
            "Inoculation_point": {
                "id": 3,
                "name": "测试接种点1",
                "level": true,
                "create_time": "2021-08-16 17:06:35.0"
            },
            "Tnucleic_notice_info": {
                "id": 3,
                "username": "王五",
                "title": "0819公告",
                "content": "3",
                "create_time": "2021-08-16 22:24:28.0"
            }
        }
    ],
    "ok": true,
    "code": 200,
    "msg": "success",
    "sql:generate|cache|execute|maxExecute": "4|0|4|200",
    "depth:count|max": "3|5",
    "time:start|duration|end": "1629367080188|23|1629367080211"
}

PS：t_inoculation_point表中level字段类型为tinyint，接口自动转变为boolean类型，具体修改方案待确认。

4.常见问题

提问前请先查看：FAQ & Read me before asking / 常见问题与提问前必看 · Issue #36 · Tencent/APIJSON · GitHub

4.1 APIJSONDemo-Druid 无法从DemoDataSourceConfig获取数据库连接

Git issues：APIJSONDemo-Druid 无法从DemoDataSourceConfig获取数据库连接 · Issue #303 · Tencent/APIJSON · GitHub

4.1.1 application.yml修改数据库配置

4.1.2 修改DemoSQLExecutor

public class DemoSQLExecutor extends APIJSONSQLExecutor {
	public static final String TAG = "DemoSQLExecutor";

	// 适配连接池，如果这里能拿到连接池的有效 Connection，则 SQLConfig 不需要配置 dbVersion, dbUri, dbAccount, dbPassword
	@Override
	public Connection getConnection(SQLConfig config) throws Exception {
	    Log.d(TAG, "getConnection  config.getDatasource() = " + config.getDatasource());
		
		Connection c = connectionMap.get(config.getDatabase());
		if (c == null || c.isClosed()) {
			try {
				DemoDataSourceConfig ds = DemoApplication.getApplicationContext().getBean(DemoDataSourceConfig.class);
				connectionMap.put(config.getDatabase(), ds == null ? null : ds.druidDataSource().getConnection());
			} catch (Exception e) {
				Log.e(TAG, "getConnection   try { "
						+ "DataSource ds = DemoApplication.getApplicationContext().getBean(DataSource.class); .."
						+ "} catch (Exception e) = " + e.getMessage());
			}
		}

		// 必须最后执行 super 方法，因为里面还有事务相关处理。
		// 如果这里是 return c，则会导致 增删改 多个对象时只有第一个会 commit，即只有第一个对象成功插入数据库表
		return super.getConnection(config);
	}

零后端代码，接口所见即所得

标签：apijson 

作者:zexin13 , 分类:技术文章 , 浏览:18 , 评论:0

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