知识点01
Apart from its geographical diversity，Canada’s many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of its residents.
apart from除了……外(还)，此外；除了……外(都)，要不是
[佳句赏读] 感悟句意·背诵
①Apart from being fun and good exercise，swimming is a very useful skill.
②Apart from some spelling mistakes，the composition is fairly good.
[辨析比较] apart from，besides，except，except for
apart from | 既可以表示besides的含义，也可以表示except或except for的含义 |
besides | “除了……之外还有……”，除去的东西包括在范围内，相当于in addition to/as well as |
except | “除了……之外”，指从同类的人或物中排除 |
except for | 表示从整体情况来看，要排除其中的部分特殊情况 |
[用besides，except或except for代替下列句中的apart from]
①Will there be anyone else we know at the party apart from Will and Janet？________
②You can have any of the cakes apart from this one. ________
③The road was empty apart from a few cars. ________
知识点2
The first Europeans also started to settle in some of the eastern provinces centuries ago.
settle vt.使定居；安排；解决 vi.安家；定居；停留
(1)settle in/into安顿下来；习惯于；适应 settle down(使)安定；定居；平静下来 settle down to sth.开始认真对待某事，专心(做)某事 (2)settlement n．解决；定居点 settler n．移居者；殖民者 |
[佳句赏读] 感悟句意·背诵
①Having settled in/into a beautiful valley，he settled down to his botanical research.
②Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their niece settle down，get married，and have kids.
③The settlers made great efforts to promote(促进；提升) the condition of the settlement.
[单句语法填空/句型转换]
①With the problem ________ (settle)，he covered a blanket and went to sleep happily.
②His ancestors chose to settle ________ the valley after crossing the Bering Strait by means of a land bridge from Siberia.
③After testing the distinct samples，the scientist got down to his study in the off the beaten track valley.
→After testing the distinct samples，the scientist ________ his study in the off the beaten track valley.
知识点3
The major ethnic groups，for example，include the English，Scottish and French，while the minority groups include residents from Singapore and the Pacific Islands.
minority n．少数民族；少数
(1)a/the minority of少数的 be in the/a minority占少数 (2)minor adj.较小的；次要的 (3)major adj.主要的 v．主修 major in主修 (4)majority n．多数 a/the majority of多数的 be in the majority占多数 |
[佳句赏读] 感悟句意·背诵
①Only a minority of the class were for the performance to unfold the tragic events.
②It comes as no surprise that women are in the minority/majority at the meeting.
③Most of the time，the minority should follow the majority when friends are making decisions.
④He majored in finance and after graduation he returned home and worked for his father’s botanical research center.
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①As is unfolded，in the nursing profession，men are ________ a/the minority.
②Only a ________ (minor) of the children are fond of doing housework while most of them enjoy playing games.
③ ________ faced with difficulty in the frontier of the major.
我们少数人在该专业尖端领域面临困难。
知识点4
To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains，which are home to high peaks and deep valleys carved by ice and water.
完全倒装
(1)句中主句To the east of...实际上是一个完全倒装句，主语是the grand Rocky Mountains，which are home to high peaks and deep valleys carved by ice and water为定语从句。 (2)当表示地点的介词短语，如on a hill，in the valley，round the corner等位于句首，主语为名词，动词为be，come，go，lie，stand，walk等时，句子常用完全倒装，即将整个谓语部分放在主语前面。 (3)当here，there，out，in，up，down，now，then置于句首，主语为名词，且谓语为be，go，come等不及物动词时，句子要用完全倒装。 (4)作表语的形容词、过去分词等较短，而主语相对较长，为了保持句子平衡而将表语前置构成完全倒装。 |
[佳句赏读] 感悟句意·背诵
①Round the corner of the street is a restaurant offering tasty cuisine.
②Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat under the leadership of the Party.
③Here is the money I promised you to buy a fiddle.
[单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级]
①At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River ________ (lie) Chongqing，one of the ten largest cities in China.
② ________ on how to keep a balance between a part-time job and our study.
这里有如何平衡兼职工作和我们的学习的三条建议。
③They arrived at an old church.A big crowd of people stood in front of the old church.(改为含有定语从句的倒装句)
→They arrived at an old church，________________.
知识点5
One truly unique scenic spot in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water rushing over its edge in a splendid display of sights and sounds.
with＋宾语＋宾语补足语
(1)with water rushing over its edge是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，在句中作状语，可表示原因、条件、伴随等。此外，此结构还可作后置定语。 (2)with复合结构如下： with＋n./pron.＋不定式(表示尚未发生的动作)(动作的完成)) |
[佳句赏读] 感悟句意·背诵
①With the keys lost，he had to wait for his mother outside the door.
②With a lot of difficult problems to settle，the new manager works far into the night every day.
③With her mother helping her，my niece is getting along well with her hockey teammates.
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ________ (follow) them.
②With many blooming flowers ________ (plant) around the building，his house looks like a splendid garden.
③With so many things ________ (consider)，we haven’t decided on the final plan yet.
④She came to a river ________.
她来到一条两岸长着红花绿草的小河边。
知识点6
In the ten provinces and three territories which make up Canada，there is great diversity in geography.
make up编造；组成；构成；弥补；化妆；和好
[写出下列句子中make up的含义]
①Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow? ________
②They quarrelled the other day but they made up soon. ________
③I don’t like to see women making up in public. ________
④He made up some excuse about his niece being sick. ________
make up for补偿；弥补 make up one’s mind下决心 be made up of由……组成 |
⑤The workers have made up their minds ________ the lost time.
工人们已经下决心弥补失去的时间。
⑥Our class ________，all of whom are friendly and hard-working.
我们班有52名学生，大家都很友好，学习用功。
知识点7
This ethnic variety，in turn，brings about cultural diversity.
in turn依次，轮流；反过来
(1)in return作为回报 in return for作为对……的回报 (2)by turns轮流；交替 take turns to do sth.轮流做某事 It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。 |
①Theory is based on practice and ________ serves practice.
理论以实践为基础，反过来又为实践服务。
②The indigenous man gave us food and clothing and asked for nothing ________.
那位本地的老人给了我们食物和衣服，没有要求任何回报。
③Only a minority of people didn’t expect anything in return ________ their help.
只有少数人帮助人并不期待任何回报。
④They took turns ________(look) after their parents.
他们轮流照顾他们的父母。
⑤It’s my turn ________ (deliver) a speech in public.轮到我在公众面前发表演讲了。
by turns 是“交替；轮流”的意思，多指两个人或两个行为之间的交替进行；如果表示“按顺序”则应该用in turn。